Exploring Citizenship
Rules & Principles in Citizenship Design - New Challenges in the Wake of Migration, Populism and Increasing Global Interdependence
Project Description
Democracy means ‘rule by the people’ – but who is this people? Until quite recently, the people was thought of as the group that is at the same time citizens in the democratic state, resident within its territory, and affected by its decisions. However, international migration and globalization have pushed for rethinking how we define the people, while populism – questioning the mutual trust between governments and electorates – threatens to bring issues about who should be enfranchised and included in the democracy to the immediate policy agenda. In the wake of this contemporary ’crisis of democracy’ many scholars have started to engage with how to legitimately define the people through citizenship laws and practices. The research on democratic inclusion has developed in directions that prompt for cross-disciplinary cooperation, but research on contemporary democracy suffers yet from low levels of cross-fertilization among disciplines.
This program meets the lack of interdisciplinary scrutiny by forming a group that combines law, political science and philosophy. The program follows three lines of enquiry, each calling for the combination of (at least) all three disciplines:
- How are the principles for democratic inclusion to be applied at, and conciliated with, increased interdependence between states?
- How are the principles for democratic inclusion to be applied at immigrants and expats, and how do existing citizenship and enfranchisement rules align with the principles?
- How inclusive and malleable are peoples’ attitudes towards democratic inclusion, and which legal definitions of the demos can the attitudes allow for?
The main aim of this two years-program is to create an integrative environment of 10–25 researchers for the interdisciplinary enquiry into citizenship design, involving philosophy, law and political science and with the potential to evolve to include researchers from other fields.
News and Events

2019
- 17 October 2019, Patricia Mindus gives a talk "Dimensions of Citizenship" at the Faculty of Law, Lund University, for the conference Integration and Dimensions of Belonging
- 20 September 2019, Patricia Mindus gives a talk "Populist Haste & Constitutional Population Design" at Sant'Anna School of Advanced Studies in the conference Political Constitutionalism and Constitutional Populism
- 4-7 September, 2019, Jonas Hultin Rosenberg and Anthoula Malkopoulou will present a paper titled “Militant Democracy and Democratic Proceduralism” at the ECPR General Conference, University of Wroclaw, Wroclaw
- 31 August 2019, Patricia Mindus publishes the paper “A Constitutional Eyesore After Brexit: EU Citizenship and British Nationality”, in Citizenship in Times of Turmoil? Theory, Practice and Policy, ed. by Devyani Prabhat, Edward Elgar 2019
- 2 July 2019, Johan Wejryd gives a talk “Citizens and Consumer Power” with docent Shirin Ahlbäck Öberg at Almedalsbiblioteket, Visby (Almedalsveckan).
- 12 June, 2019, members of the Exploring Citizenship team participate in Järvaveckan with a seminar titled “Vem får vara med och bestämma?”
- 12 June 2019, Patricia Mindus publishes the monograph entitled Hacia una Teoría funcionalista de la ciudadanía at Marcial Pons
- 10 June 2019, the paper by Patricia Mindus entitled "Cidadania, Identidade e o Poder Soberano de Excluir" in Portuguese translation by Heitor Pagliaro is accepted in Revista do Ministério Publico (forthcoming 2019)
- June 2019, Patricia Mindus is promoted Professor in Practical Philosophy
- June 2019, Patricia Mindus gives a talk “When is Emotion a Problem for Justice?” at the conference IRCECP Research Centre, Department of Philosophy, San Raffaele University in Milan
- 26 May 2019, Patricia Mindus publishes the chapter entitled ”Vad är medborgarskap?” i Juridiska grundbegrepp, red. C. Dahlman & L. Wahlberg, Studentlitteratur 2019, 377-402
- 15 May 2019, Johan Wejryd hands in an expanded application to the second round of Forte’s annual open call, about "Socioeconomic and Psychological Explanations of Ethnic Intolerance", with Per Adman
- 13 May 2019, Guest Lecture: Elizabeth F. Cohen, Maxwell School of Syracuse University: "On The Political Value of Time"
- 7 May 2019, Johan Wejryd gives a lecture “Political Citizen and Consumer” at the course Life's Philosophy and Modernity, Centre for Environment and Development Studies, CEMUS, Uppsala University.
- 10 April 2019, Patricia Mindus starts as Director of Uppsala Forum for Democracy, Peace and Justice
- 5 April 2019, Jonas Hultin Rosenberg presents a paper on “Age discrimination and ability-test as a means for enfranchising children” at the TADS Workshop #6 in Madrid
- 5 April 2019, Patricia Mindus hands in a grant application to Knut och Alice Wallenberg Foundation entitled “Is Contributivism Returning?
- 2 April 2019, Johan Wejryd gives a public talk “Being a Consumer – a Barrier for Political Engagement?” at the Dag Hammarskjöld Library, Uppsala University
- 1 April 2019, members of the Exploring Citizenship team hand in a grant application to Marianne and Marcus Wallenberg Foundation entitled “Artificial Intelligence, Democracy and Human Dignity”
- 20 March 2019, members of the Exploring Citizenship team hand in a grant application to The Swedish Research Council (Vetenskapsrådet) entitled "Democracy or Epistocracy?"
- 20 March 2019, members of the Exploring Citizenship team hand in a grant application to The Swedish Research Council (Vetenskapsrådet) entitled “Who Should be Allowed to Vote?”
- 20 March 2019, members of the Exploring Citizenship team hand in a grant application to The Swedish Research Council (Vetenskapsrådet) entitled “AI, Democracy and Human Dignity”
- 20 March 2019, members of the Exploring Citizenship team hand in a grant application to The Swedish Research Council (Vetenskapsrådet) entitled “Disagreement about Democracy”
- 20 March 2019, members of the Exploring Citizenship team hand in a grant application to The Swedish Research Council (Vetenskapsrådet) on the topic of migration and constitutional identity
- 15 March 2019, newspaper Aftonbladet publishes debate article on enfranchised citizens’ duty to support young climate protesters, co-written by a group of researchers including Jonas Hultin Rosenberg and Johan Wejryd, and signed by 91 Swedish academics
- March 2019-June 2019, Patricia Mindus is Visiting Professor at LUISS School of Government in Rome in Political Philosophy
- 14 February 2019, Johan Wejryd gives a talk “Consumer Choice and Democratic Engagement” at the Swedish Consumer Agency
- 6 February 2019, members of the Exploring Citizenship team hand in a grant application to European Research Council entitled “RECONTRIBUT”
- 5-6 February, Anna-Sara Lind is speaker at Nationellt möte i offentlig rätt (National meeting on Public Law) on Social Rights 2009-2019
- 5 February 2019, Johan Wejryd gives a public talk “Being a Consumer – a Barrier for Political Engagement?” at the CRS’ Outreach Day at the Humanities Theatre, Uppsala
- 4 February 2019, Johan Wejryd hands in a draft grant application to Forte’s annual open call, about "Socioeconomic and Psychological Explanations of Ethnic Intolerance", with Per Adman.
2018
- 10 December 2018, Jonas Hultin Rosenberg gives a talk on Article 21 in the Universal Declaration of the Human Rights at "Exploring human rights – challenges for society, law and democracy"
- 10 December 2018, Anna-Sara Lind convenes the public multi-disciplinary conference FN:s allmänna förklaring om mänskliga rättigheter fyller 70 år! (The Universal Declaration of Human Rights 70 years!) at the Humanities Theatre, Uppsala University
- 28-29 November2018, Anna-Sara Lind co-convenes the multi-disciplinary workshop Makten över informationen (The Power over the Information), with Isto Huvila and Samuel Edquist (ABM), Uppsala University
- 28 November 2018, Anna-Sara Lind is moderator at the IFUR conference Vad gör en ökad ”rättighetifiering” med högre utbildning? (How does a ”Rightsification” impinge on higher education?), Uppsala University
- 26 November 2018, Johan Wejryd gives interview about consumer choice and citizen engagement in Swedish Public Television, SVT
- 23 November 2018, Johan Wejryd defends his thesis On Consumed Democracy: The Expansion of Consumer Choice, Its Causal Effects on Political Engagement, and Its Implications for Democracy. Extended media coverage in, Spanarna, (Sveriges radio P1), Resumé (magazine for Swedish advertising business), and ETC.
- 16 November 2018, Anna-Sara Lind gives her inaugural lecture “Den ofantliga rätten” (The Huge Public Law)
- 15 November 2018, the research team hands in a grant application to NordForsk titled “The Return of Contributivism? On Economic Contribution in Enfranchisement of Migrants” together with colleagues from Stockholm University, University of Copenhagen, Oslo University, University of Southampton and University of Reading
- 11 November 2018, Patricia Mindus gives a talk "What Characterises the Borderlands of Our Time?" at Philosophy Festival in Stockholm, Unesco World Philosophy Day. Watch video.
- 9 November 2018: "Borders and Borderlands – What Is The Difference?", Patricia Mindus holds keynote at the Uppsala Women in Research Annual Symposium, Uppsala University
- 5 November 2018, the Exploring Citizenship group wins a 6 million SEK grant from The Swedish Research Council (Vetenskapsrådet) for the project "Contributivism: On Practices, Debates and Attitudes About Grounding Democratic Inclusion on Economic Contributions"
- 17 October 2018, the Exploring Citizenship research group presents new research venues at the Higher Seminar in Public Law
- 25 September 2018, release of the book Socialrätt under omvandling, co-edited by Anna-Sara Lind
- 15 September 2018, Patricia Mindus gives a TED-talk on “Law As Tech – And What It Means For Migrants” for the TEDx Rome Event Porous Borders. Watch video.
- 6 September 2018, Anna-Sara Lind gives a talk on human rights at a meeting of the Nordic Federation of Public Administration in Reykjavik
- 5 September 2018, interview with Jonas Hultin Rosenberg in the Swedish newspaper Arbetet: "Närmare 1 av 10 folkbokförda saknar rösträtt".
- 1 September 2018, The Department of Philosophy at Uppsala University kicks off the advanced ethics course “Migration Ethics” including lectures on democratic inclusion and political membership.
- 30 August 2018, Johan Wejryd presents his research paper “Causal Impact of Political Consumption on Conventional Political Participation” at APSA Annual Meeting, Boston.
- August 23 2018, Johan Wejryd presents his research paper “Demobilizing Effects of Political Consumption: Evidence from a Survey Experiment” at ECPR General Conference, Hamburg.
- August 22-25 2018, Jonas Hultin Rosenberg is chairing a panel entitled “The boundaries of the demos: subjected or affected?” at the ECPR General Conference in Hamburg.
- 17 July 2018, Patricia Mindus gives a talk on “Nature and Function of the Law” at the American Section IVR Congress in Baltimore.
- June 26-27 2018, Patricia Mindus chairs two workshops at the ICON.S Congress Identity, Security, Democracy: Challenges for Public Law in Hong Kong on “Discretion At Work – Quality of Law-Making & Migration Policy”. Book of Abstracts.
- 21 June 2018, Patricia Mindus gives a talk “Nationality, Population Design and Constitutional Identity: Can There Be an Unconstitutional Form of Demos?” at IACL World Congress in Seoul.
- 20 June 2018, Johan Wejryd is awarded funding from the Helge Ax:son Johnson Foundation for the pilot study "Popular Attitudes Regarding Education and Competence as Voting Rights Requirement."
- 22 May 2018, the Exploring Citizenship team hands in a grant application to The Swedish Research Council (Vetenskapsrådet) for interdisciplinary research environment for the project “Contributing Citizens’: Is Contributivism Making a Comeback?”.
- 18 May 2018, Patricia Mindus publishes a a blog post on Europakommentaren on Free Movement in the EU.
- 14 May 2018, Patricia Mindus gives a talk on “Can There Be a General Theory of Citizenship?” at IVR Sweden’s Annual Meeting, University of Lund.
- 2 May 2018, Patricia Mindus gives a talk on the “Future of Europe” at Lund University, Centre for European Studies.
- 25 April 2018, Jonas Hultin Rosenberg and Johan Wejryd present their research paper “Attitudes on who should be allowed to vote” at the multi-disciplinary workshop Migration and Citizenship, Department of Government, Uppsala University.
- 25 April 2018, Exploring Citizenship organizes the multi-disciplinary workshop Migration and Citizenship at the Department of Government, Uppsala University
- 20 April 2018, Palgrave publishes Op Ed by Patricia Mindus: A Lesser Kind of Citizen.
- 19 April 2018, Ashwini Vasanthakumar gives her Uppsala Forum Lecture entitled "Including Outsiders: Diaspora Institutions and the Boundary Problem in Democratic Theory".
- 16-27 April 2018, Ashwini Vasanthakumar, King´s College London, will be an Uppsala Forum Visiting Fellow invited by “Exploring Citizenship”.
- 13 April 2018, The research project Exploring Citizenship is highlighted by Uppsala University's press department in the news item "Är medborgarskap nödvändigt för att vara del i en demokrati?" (in Swedish).
- 12 April 2018, Ruvi Ziegler, University of Reading, gives a presentation entitled “Voting Rights of Refugees”. Poster
- 9-10 April 2018, Anna-Sara Lind is moderator at the Swedish Network for European Legal Studies' conference "Freedom To and From Religion: The Rule of Law in the European Democratic state".
- 20 March 2018, the Exploring Citizenship team hand in a grant application to The Swedish Research Council (Vetenskapsrådet) entitled "Contributivism: On Practices, Debates and Attitudes about grounding democratic inclusion on economic contributions".
- 20 March 2018, members of the Exploring Citizenship team hand in a grant application to The Swedish Research Council (Vetenskapsrådet) entitled "Contributivism – The idea of grounding democratic inclusion on economic contribution".
- 20 March 2018, members of the Exploring Citizenship team hand in a grant application to The Swedish Research Council (Vetenskapsrådet) entitled "Democracy or Epistocracy".
- 20 March 2018, members of the Exploring Citizenship team hand in a grant application to The Swedish Research Council (Vetenskapsrådet) entitled “Public opinion on who should be allowed to vote”.
- 12 March 2018, the collection of data is completed for the program’s pilot study of attitudes regarding requirements for voting rights in the US.
- 1 March 2018, Jonas Hultin Rosenberg starts work as a postdoc at the Department of Political Science, University of Copenhagen.
- 1-2 February 2018, Anna-Sara Lind holds keynote talk at The Nordic Social Welfare Law Meeting (Nordiskt socialrättsligt möte)
- 25 January 2018, Patricia Mindus gives a talk on "Citizenship and Democracy in the EU today" at Genova Law School, Imperia Seminar.
2017
- 30 December 2017, the project EU-CITZEN, headed by CEPS in Bruxelles, wins funds EU Commission DG Justice Proposal: Patricia Mindus is Advisory Board member.
- 15 December 2017, Patricia Mindus presents a paper on "Arbitrary Law-Making in Migration Policy" at Rome Tre, Department of Law in occasion of the workshop on Migration & Legal Theory, paper co-authored with Massimo Cuono.
- 7 December 2017, the program presents an application for a project on “Contributivism, Citizenship, and Voting Rights” at the Seminar for Political Theory at the Department of Government.
- 6 December 2017, Anna-Sara Lind holds the keynote talk "Religion and Access to Social Rights in Sweden – Recent Developments and Current Trends" at the international conference Empirical Perspectives on Religion and Socioeconomic Human Rights in a Time of Global Migration.
- 5 December 2017, Jonas Hultin Rosenberg gives a presentation entitled “Voting, Competence and Age Limits” at the Institute for Future Studies.
- 5 December 2017, book launch of Patricia Mindus' new book European Citizenship. After Brexit at Law at the Law Department LUISS University with a debate with Enzo Moaveri Milanesi, Roberto Miccù, Nicola Lupo.
- 2 December 2017, Patricia Mindus gives a talk on "Taking EU Citizenship Seriously", keynote at international conference on future of the EU, 3 December 2017 in Ljubljana (Slovenia), sponsored by the program Joint Citizens Forces - Common European Future.
- 1 December 2017, The Citizen Panel at the University of Gothenburg publishes popular summary of Johan Wejryd’s experimental study of how active citizenship is impeded by New Public Management reforms.
- 29 November 2017, Patricia Mindus gives a talk on "Models of Democracy and Citizens’ Initiative in the EU: A Case Study", EUPADRA Seminars.
- 27 November 2017, Patricia Mindus gives a talk of the “Veil of EU citizens: between freedom of religion and politics of neutrality” at LUISS School of Governement, Rome.
- 16 november 2017, Anna-Sara Lind holds the talk "Law as frozen politics? Om etik, teknik och juridik i den transnationella (konstitutionella) juridikens era" at the conference Juridik Etik Teknik organized by Stiftelsen för rättsinformation.
- 15 November 2017, Patricia Mindus gives a talk on "Citizenship & Justice" at LUISS School of Government in Rome.
- 13 November 2017, Anna-Sara Lind is part of the panel discussing "Bidragsfusk – utrymmet att utbyta information och samköra register" at the thematic day Bostad och lokal som medel i brottslig verksamhenorganised by the Real Estate Research Institute IFF.
- 25 October 2017, Jonas Hultin Rosenberg and Johan Wejryd present a paper entitled “Universal suffrage among whom? Attitudes on who should be allowed to vote” at the Department of Government at Uppsala University.
- 16 October 2017, Anna-Sara Lind holds the plenary talk "Rätten till bostad – rättsvetenskapliga perspektiv" at Bostadsmötet 2017 organised by the Institute for Housing and Urban Research.
- 13 October 2017, Patricia Mindus gives a talk on "Enacting Citizenship in Europe" at Glasgow Law School.
- 2 October 2017, Anna-Sara Lind organises the workshop "Mänskliga rättigheter, miljö och utveckling" (with Olle Lundin and Annika Nilsson from the Swedish Environmental Protection Agency).
- October 2017, “Vad är en medborgare?”, interview with Patricia Mindus in Nya Horisonter: Magasin från Uppsala universitet.
- 26 September 2017, Kick-off for the research program “Exploring citizenship”.
- 14 September 2017, Jonas Hultin Rosenberg presents a paper entitled “Equality, Proportionality and the All-Affected Principle” at the Boundary Problem Workshop at the Institute for Future Studies.
- 8 september 2017, Patricia Mindus co-chairs with Chiara Raucea an ECPR Panel in Oslo Redrawing Political Boundaries.
- 29 August 2017, Anna-Sara Lind is commentator to the guest lecture by Justin Hansford, organised by CEMFOR, on the theme "Law and Social Movements for Racial Justice".
- 19 July 2017, Patricia Mindus and CIVIS SUM organize the special workshop “Bordered Jurisprudence?”, IVR World Congress, Lisbon Faculty of Law.
- 5 July 2017, Anna-Sara Lind contributes, along with Jenny Ehnberg, Doctor of Theology, and Morten Kjaerum, Director of the Raoul Wallenberg Institute of Human Rights and Humanitarian Law, to a seminar entitled "Att skydda mänskliga rättigheter i teori och praktik."
- 4 July 2017, conversation between Anna-Sara Lind and the political scientist Stig-Björn Ljunggren in Swedish Public Radio,.P1. Watch the video ”Makten över välfärden – bestämmer juridiken över politiken?”.
- 4 July 2017, Anna-Sara Lind organises, with Doctor of Theology Jenny Ehnberg and researcher in the history of religions Per-Erik Nilsson, a seminar at Almedalsveckan/Almedalen Week. Watch the video "Den svenska rasismen och de mänskliga rättigheterna"
- 4 July 2017, Anna-Sara Lind organises and moderates a seminar at Almedalsveckan/Almedalen Week. Participants are Astrid Widding Söderbergh, President of Stockholm University, Eva Åkesson, Vice-Chancellor of Uppsala University, and Pernilla Leviner, Associate Professor at the Faculty of Law, Stockholm University. Watch the video ”Att tänka fritt och rätt – om forskning, kritik och vetande i utmanande tider”.
- 1 July 2017, the research program “Exploring Rules & Principles in Citizenship Design - New Challenges in the Wake of Migration, Populism and Increasing Global Interdependence” starts.
- 19 June 2017, Jonas Hultin Rosenberg presents a paper entitled “Migrants’ enfranchisement: rules and principles on voting rights for resident non-citizens” at the University of Trieste.
- 28-30 May 2017, Anna-Sara Lind takes part in organising the U4 conference On the Move – Exploring Contemporary Dynamics of Migration, and holds the workshop "Unaccompanied Children and Health".
Publications
2019
- Martha Middlemiss Lé Mon and Anna-Sara Lind, "CRS i samverkan – om forskning i teori och praktik" ("CRS in Collaboration - On Research in Theory and Practice"), Chronicle, CRS’ Newsletter, January 2019
- Lind, A-S, "Den offentliga rätten i mångvetenskaplig forskning" ("Public Law in Multi-Disciplinary Research"), In: Arvidsson, et al. (ed.), Festskrift till Wiweka Warnling Conradsson, Jure förlag, 2019, pp. 207-217
2018
- Jonsson Cornell, A, Lind, A-S, Middlemiss Lé Mon, M & Thorburn Stern, R, "Research for a Better World", Upsala Nya Tidning, December 10, 2018
- Erhag, T, Leviner, P, and Lind, A-S (eds), Socialrätt under omvandling – om välfärdsstatens och solidaritetens gränser, Liber förlag, 2018
- Erhag, T, Leviner, P, and Lind, A-S, "Inledning", in Erhag, T, Leviner, P, Lind, A-S (eds), Socialrätt under omvandling – om välfärdsstatens och solidaritetens gränser, Liber förlag, 2018
- Hultin Rosenberg, J, “Equality, Proportionality, and the All-Affected Principle”, accepted for publishing in Democratic Theory
- Hultin Rosenberg, J, Maltais, A, and Beckman, L, “The Demos and its Critics”, accepted for publishing in Review of Politics
- Lind, A-S, "Social rights and EU Citizenship", in Bernitz, et al., (eds), Bridging the Prosperity Gap in the EU: The Social Challenge Ahead, Edward Elgar, pp. 22-45, 2018
- Lind, A-S, "Utveckling och trender – från den nationella välfärdsstaten till globalt tryck", in Erhag, T, Leviner, P, Lind, A-S (eds), Socialrätt under omvandling – om välfärdsstatens och solidaritetens gränser, Liber förlag, 2018
- Mindus, P, "Who Should Be Citizen? On Aristotle’s Theory of Citizenship" in Teoria Politica 2018/1
- Mindus, P, and Cuono, M, "Verso una teoria del diritto per l’età delle migrazioni di massa. Una tipologia del potere arbitrario", in Rivista di Filosofia del Diritto 1/2108
- Mindus, P, and Prats, E, "La cittadinanza a pagamento nell’Unione europea" ("Citizenship for sale in the in the EU today"), in Quaderni costituzionali 1/2018
2017
- Kjaerum, M, and Lind, A-S "Att skydda mänskliga rättigheter i normgivning och praktik", in Lind, A-S & Namli, Elena (eds), Mänskliga rättigheter i det offentliga Sverige, Studentlitteratur AB, 2017
- Lind, A-S, "A living constitution in times of emergency? Sweden", in European Public Law, vol 23, 1, 2018
- Lind, A-S, and Namli, Elena (eds), Mänskliga rättigheter i det offentliga Sverige, Studentlitteratur AB, 2017
- Lind, A-S, and Namli, Elena, "Mänskliga rättigheter i offentlig förvaltning", in Lind, A-S, and Namli, Elena (eds), Mänskliga rättigheter i det offentliga Sverige, Studentlitteratur AB, 2017
- Mindus, P, “Enacting European Citizenship”, in The Spokesman (Issue 136, on European Citizenship), 2017

About the Program
Duration
2017-2019
Funding
The research program is funded by the Disciplinary Domain of Humanities and Social Sciences, Uppsala University (Programstöd för tvärgående och tematiska forskningsprogram från Vetenskapsområdet för humaniora och samhälls-vetenskap vid Uppsala universitet)
- Patricia Mindus
Department of Philosophy - Anna-Sara Lind
Department of Law - Jonas Hultin Rosenberg
Department of Government - Johan Wejryd
Department of Government